A Scala-style "with" Construct for Ruby

A Scala-style "with" Construct for Ruby 111

Posted by Dean Wampler Tue, 30 Sep 2008 03:41:00 GMT

Scala has a “mixin” construct called traits, which are roughly analogous to Ruby modules. They allow you to create reusable, modular bits of state and behavior and use them to compose classes and other traits or modules.

The syntax for using Scala traits is quite elegant. It’s straightforward to implement the same syntax in Ruby and doing so has a few useful advantages.

For example, here is a Scala example that uses a trait to trace calls to a Worker.work method.

    
// run with "scala example.scala" 

class Worker {
    def work() = "work" 
}

trait WorkerTracer extends Worker {
    override def work() = "Before, " + super.work() + ", After" 
}

val worker = new Worker with WorkerTracer

println(worker.work())        // => Before, work, After

Note that WorkerTracer extends Worker so it can override the work method. Since Scala is statically typed, you can’t just define an override method and call super unless the compiler knows there really is a “super” method!

Here’s a Ruby equivalent.

    
# run with "ruby example.rb" 

module WorkerTracer
    def work; "Before, #{super}, After"; end
end

class Worker 
    def work; "work"; end
end

class TracedWorker < Worker 
  include WorkerTracer
end

worker = TracedWorker.new

puts worker.work          # => Before, work, After

Note that we have to create a subclass, which isn’t required for the Scala case (but can be done when desired).

If you know that you will always want to trace calls to work in the Ruby case, you might be tempted to dispense with the subclass and just add include WorkerTracer in Worker. Unfortunately, this won’t work. Due to the way that Ruby resolves methods, the version of work in the module will not be found before the version defined in Worker itself. Hence the subclass seems to be the only option.

However, we can work around this using metaprogramming. We can use WorkerTracer#append_features(...). What goes in the argument list? If we pass Worker, then all instances of Worker will be effected, but actually we’ll still have the problem with the method resolution rules.

If we just want to affect one object and work around the method resolution roles, then we need to pass the singleton class (or eigenclass or metaclass ...) for the object, which you can get with the following expression.

    
metaclass = class << worker; self; end

So, to encapsulate all this and to get back to the original goal of implementing with-style semantics, here is an implementation that adds a with method to Object, wrapped in an rspec example.

    
# run with "spec ruby_with_spec.rb" 

require 'rubygems'
require 'spec'

# Warning, monkeypatching Object, especially with a name
# that might be commonly used is fraught with peril!!

class Object
  def with *modules
    metaclass = class << self; self; end
    modules.flatten.each do |m|
      m.send :append_features, metaclass
    end
    self
  end
end

module WorkerTracer
    def work; "Before, #{super}, After"; end
end

module WorkerTracer1
    def work; "Before1, #{super}, After1"; end
end

class Worker 
    def work; "work"; end
end

describe "Object#with" do
  it "should make no changes to an object if no modules are specified" do
    worker = Worker.new.with
    worker.work.should == "work" 
  end

  it "should override any methods with a module's methods of the same name" do
    worker = Worker.new.with WorkerTracer
    worker.work.should == "Before, work, After" 
  end

  it "should stack overrides for multiple modules" do
    worker = Worker.new.with(WorkerTracer).with(WorkerTracer1)
    worker.work.should == "Before1, Before, work, After, After1" 
  end

  it "should stack overrides for a list of modules" do
    worker = Worker.new.with WorkerTracer, WorkerTracer1
    worker.work.should == "Before1, Before, work, After, After1" 
  end

  it "should stack overrides for an array of modules" do
    worker = Worker.new.with [WorkerTracer, WorkerTracer1]
    worker.work.should == "Before1, Before, work, After, After1" 
  end
end

You should carefully consider the warning about monkeypatching Object! Also, note that Module.append_features is actually private, so I had to use m.send :append_features, ... instead.

The syntax is reasonably intuitive and it eliminates the need for an explicit subclass. You can pass a single module, or a list or array of them. Because with returns the object, you can also chain with calls.

A final note; many developers steer clear of metaprogramming and reflection features in their languages, out of fear. While prudence is definitely wise, the power of these tools can dramatically accelerate your productivity. Metaprogramming is just programming. Every developer should master it.

Posted in Dean's Deprecations, Dynamic Languages, Design Principles, Clean Code
Tags design, Metaprogramming, mixins, Ruby, Scala, with
Meta 111 comments, permalink, rss, atom

Comments

Leave a response

Marcin about 20 hours later:

Hmmm, can’t you just do

irb(main):003:0* class A irb(main):004:1> def a irb(main):005:2> “foo” irb(main):006:2> end irb(main):007:1> end => nil irb(main):008:0> a = A.new => # irb(main):009:0> module B irb(main):010:1> def a irb(main):011:2> super + “bar” irb(main):012:2> end irb(main):013:1> end => nil irb(main):014:0> a.extend B => # irb(main):015:0> a.a => “foobar”

it does exactly what your thing does, no subclasing, and uses standard ruby :)
Marcin about 20 hours later:

sorry for previous post it was just dirty copy-paste from IRB that didn’t format well. But to sumarize your library is useless and duplicates built-in ruby functionality, next time better read something before posting, or check if you’re not redeiscovering the wheel
Dean Wampler about 21 hours later:

True, I overlooked Object#extend, but it was a fun exercise anyway.

Actually, what would be more useful is a construct for including modules as part of construction, not afterwards. You would also want to provide a way to initialize any attributes defined in the modules.
Chris Eppstein 2 days later:

I have a little tracer I wrote here: http://gist.github.com/6666

Also, I think this is a really great example for how to use the metaclass to change instance behavior: http://gist.github.com/3535

And if you haven’t read this, you must: http://whytheluckystiff.net/articles/seeingMetaclassesClearly.html
nike shoes hosting about 1 year later:

The syntax is reasonably intuitive and it eliminates the need for an explicit subclass. You can pass a single module, or a list or array of them. Because with returns the object, you can also chain with calls.
gucci louis vuitton shoes about 1 year later:

Welcome to Freshstyleshop, the hottest urban clothing site on the net! We offer great products from Gucci sneakers, prada sneakers, LV shoes, True Religion Jeans and many more! Our selection of products are always increasing for the fact that we have new items added weekly to our selection. All products on our site are already marked down 40-60% off retail price. Freshstyleshop also backs all its orders with a 110% satisfaction guarantee, making sure that our customers are left satisfied with the hottest products on the net.
FLV extractor about 1 year later:

so many comment
Facebook Application Analytics about 1 year later:

if you are a Ruby developer or you only groove on Ruby, then i think you know or should learn some of the things in Scala and I think you can get mastery over your metaprogramming and reflection features. Here i do not want to compare Ruby and Scala because i think both these languages have their own strength and should not be compared in this way.
animal charms about 1 year later:

I had gone much.I couldn t judge that I fell in adore with links of london heart bracelets That was one of my big changes. heart bracelet After all, I didn’t like ornaments at all in the launch. Since I fell in dear with links of london Sweetie necklaces , I had realized that an instance of links of london Sweetie rings could bring me much more links of london watch charms
jewellery about 1 year later:

ah ha you can have a yrt
Granite Tile about 1 year later:

i am really glad to leave my comment here in very decent topic, thank you!
louis vuitton online store about 1 year later:

Here i do not want to compare Ruby and Scala because i think both these languages have their own strength and should not be compared in this way.
<a href=" http://www.1921gucci.com/">gucci mens</a> about 1 year later:

thks,i’m gucci mens
cheap vps about 1 year later:

sorry for previous post it was just dirty copy-paste from IRB that didn’t format well. But to sumarize your library is useless and duplicates built-in ruby functionality, next time better read something before posting, or check if you’re not redeiscovering the wheecheap VPS
Chantel Buchbinder about 1 year later:

I like the style of your website, it is beautiful, people feel very free
gucci mens about 1 year later:

Well , the view of the passage is totally correct gucci mens ,your details is really reasonable gucci belt for men and you guy give us valuable informative post, size11 gucci sneakers I totally agree the standpoint of upstairs. I often discount gucci jeans surfing on this forum classic gucci wallets when I m free and I find there are so much good information we can learn in this forum!
lv bags about 1 year later:

thank you for your advice…
lv bags about 1 year later:

thank you for your advice…
lv bags about 1 year later:

thank you for your advice…
bag manufacturer about 1 year later:

le, modular bits of state and behavior and use them to compose classes and othe
meggie about 1 year later:

The excitement surrounding Louis Vuitton Bags Santa Monica Place mall was palpable Thursday night as a gaggle of glamorous guests filed into the newly opened Cheap Louis Vuitton Bags boutique to Cheap Louis Vuitton Handbags celebrate the brand’s LV Bags first Westside location. Cheap LV Bags Many people Lv Handbags showed their love for the brand by wearing some of Louis Vuitton’s most statement-making pieces.Louis Vuitton Bags Cameron Silver arrived in a marigold blazer Cheap Louis Vuitton Bags and matching shorts, Cheap Louis Vuitton Handbags a yellow- and gray-striped scarf,LV Bags two-tone sneakers and Cheap LV Bags gold sunglasses all by Lv Handbags. And one woman accessorized her black cocktail dress with sequin Louis Vuitton pumps from the winter 2010 collection, a couple layers of fleur and crown pendants, while toting a purple sequin Rococo pouch from the evening bag line.

It was a true Louis Vuitton Bags celebration of the house and the highly anticipated Cheap Louis Vuitton Bags 3,200-square-foot beachside location Cheap Louis Vuitton Handbags which carries men’s and women’s bags, shoes and accessories. Cheap LV Bags “We’ve been looking forward to opening a store on LV Bags the Westside, but just needed the right environment,” Lv Handbags said Charles Delapalme, Louis Vuitton Bags senior vice president of Louis Vuitton’s Cheap Louis Vuitton Bags western region stores. Cheap Louis Vuitton Handbags And though it’s just been open two weeks, LV Bags he says that customers have been gravitating Cheap LV Bags toward the store’s beach-friendly items such as sunglasses and the light gray- and ivory-checked Damier Lv Handbags Azure collection that women can carry from the beach to dinner.

The beach theme carried right Louis Vuitton Bags on through to the after-party,Cheap Louis Vuitton Bags which was held at the Annenberg Cheap Louis Vuitton Handbags beach house right off PCH. Stylish celebrities LV Bags such as Kristen Bell, Serena Cheap LV Bags Williams, Dita von Teese, Lv HandbagsGabrielle Reese, Rachel Zoe and Eva Amurri (the latter three ladies acted as hosts for the event, which benefited Heal the Bay), mingled around a decadent table of lobster tails and oysters as well as on the house’s back deck that overlooked the ocean. A percussion band dressed in beachy whites jammed outside, illuminated by Louis Vuitton logos projected on the wall behind them.

It was truly a “Vuitton goes to the beach” affair, lavish, upbeat but relaxed California-style and full of the brands’s top fans.
—Melissa Magsaysay
Shure about 1 year later:

I have been reading your blog last couple of weeks and enjoy every bit. Thanks.
Shure about 1 year later:

oh,i really like itthanks for it my I Nike Air Rift Womenenjoyed your article here mate. Infact I’m a fan of the site in general to be very honest. It’s the fourth ocasion I’ve been Shure Microphonesback here but I kept forgeting to save the site in my saved website list so I have to keep going through the search Gucci Handbagsengines to find it. SAVED this time haha . Best of luck.
john123123 about 1 year later:

Armani Jeans is an Italian extension to the famous Italian fashion house Gucci Jeans For Men. However, it is more specialized in youthful clothes and men’s accessories for young ages. They produce summer wear, beach wear, youthful jeans, and more trendy attires and stuff.tattered denim. It is a true staple for the warmer weathers and on the runways of Dolce Gabbana Jeans. Designers Dominico Dolce and Stefano Gabbana gave us looks to coincide with their Crown Holder Jeans and Dolce Gabbana Jeans collection. The looks of this collection are very “preppy in the park” like a disheveled Chuck Bass almost. Along with the tattered denim, models were also sent down the runway in patchwork denim and a pair of denim shorts. You can check out the denim looks below.
designer handbags discount over 2 years later:

good code my friend! it help me a lot! thx!
Rangemaster 110 over 2 years later:

I’m still at learning phase on Ruby
oxpdffr over 2 years later:

PDF Créateur est un logiciel libre qui permet de convertir en PDF à partir de n’importe quelle application capable d’imprimer sous Windows. Avec PDF Créateur,vous pouvez créer des fichiers PDF, Postscript et Postscript encapsulé, créer aussi des images à partir de vos documents, fusionner des documents. Après de créer un fichier pdf, vous pouvez personnaliser des paramètres, par exemple: personnaliser des couleurs du filigrane. des polices, etc, et le conserver . Il est très facile de convertir en PDF avec seulement des clics et sa interface distincte. N’hésitez pas à le http://www.oxpdf.fr/download/oxpdfcreator-1_0_0.exe">télécharger, et l’essayez maintenant!
Noleggio auto Timisoara over 2 years later:

It’s considerably more complex than Java or even Ruby, so there definitely will be some troubles with adoption. You could easily cut down on language features without losing much expressiveness. Case classes and matching are genius.
DRM Removal software over 2 years later:

How they work. could you explain more clearly.
nacy over 2 years later:

I think this is a great post. One thing that I find the most helpful is number five. Sometimes when I write, I just let the flow of the words and information come out so much that I loose the purpose. It’s only after editing when I realize what I’ve done.
Pandora over 2 years later:

and he showed me a function he was writing. In the midst of the function I saw this
pandora uk over 2 years later:

It’s straightforward to implement the same syntax in Ruby and doing so has a few useful, here is a Scala example that uses a trait to trace calls to a Worker.work method.
iPhone SMS Transfer over 2 years later:

We, how can we to be a good programmer, we should study alll the time, never lose our heart, keep good habit, learn from other people. that’s it.
Backup iPhone SMS over 2 years later:

We need understand this structure of program.
iPad PDF Transfer over 2 years later:

Yes, I agree with you .Scala has a “mixin” construct called traits, which are roughly analogous to Ruby modules.
www.heyheytrade.com over 2 years later:

You know, it is not to understand it, however, you can finish it, enjoy much.www.lightinthehandbags.com www.hotshoesshop.com
http://www.blacktowhiteiphone4.com over 2 years later:

With the most fashion designer, White iphone 4 Conversion Kit can be your new autumn/winter fashion piece for your favorite iphone 4. Why not make a little change for your iphone 4.
Silicone Molding over 2 years later:

Intertech Machinery Inc. provides the most precise Plastic Injection Mold and Rubber Molds from Taiwan. With applying excellent unscrewing device in molds, Intertech is also very professional for making flip top Cap Molds in the world.
sfd over 2 years later:

1. Some work requires best basketball shoes On Sale you to stand or walk change that can be very painful yourlebron 8, abercrombiethe back, kobe iv , and more. It can be very painful, in your feet, long time in a time of the bestkobe v shoes need long time work, is a new kind of discountmbt walking shoes shoes these shoes are in order to relieve pain to stand for long.
cash advance for bad credit over 2 years later:

Does Scala have a version of Rubys’ each_slice from the Array class?
Criminal Check over 2 years later:

Thanks for this handy sample code for scala.
US Criminal Record over 2 years later:

Case classes and matching are genius. Great.
pellet mill over 2 years later:

“Ten percent of the wpellet dryer ood is lost in the processing of round wood in the form of sawdust and wood chips?pellet cooler but precious fuel can be produced from these residues, “said Schwarz. Because they consist of by-product of the timber industry and capellet screw conveyor n produce comparatively little expenditure of energy.

The combustion of the pellets pellet elevator compared to oil and gas emit very little CO2. “When burning only CO2 is released, wood pellet mills which started the tree for growth,” said Heike (NRW Energy Agency). pellet heat stove They also stressed that the in the pellets.
iPad ePub Transfer for Mac over 2 years later:

I really like this essay. Thank you for writing it so seriously. I want to recommend it for my friends strongly. An Professional transfer that can transfer the ePub books onto your iPad on Mac and export the iPad ePub to Mac local folder.
Appartamenti in Affitto Bucarest over 2 years later:

The syntax is reasonably intuitive and it eliminates the need for an explicit subclass.
iPhone contacts backup over 2 years later:

Thanks for your information. It is wonderful. when you need, you can put your own DVD or bought DVD files to iPad by converting them to iPad h.264 with software. Here you can learn more.
Criminal Records over 2 years later:

You can pass a single module, or a list or array of them. Because with returns the object, you can also chain with calls.
www.golvbag.com over 2 years later:

Brand name bags at golvbag.com. golvbag.com is a marketplace where people can buy LV bags . As the LV bags become a standard part of most people’s wardrobe, have you realized that your wardrobe will never be short of a stylish and appropriate bags? Now, It’s our honor to recommend golvbag.com for you.Our online store is specializing in LV bags selling and we insist on Top quality, Best service, Fast delivery and Largest choices for customers all over the world. From dressy to casual or business, there’s a bag style for everyone. If you’re not exactly sure which handbag is right for you, browse through our website. We have a large quantity of High Quality 100% mirror Luxury Bags. We invite you to read the descriptions carefully and get more details. You can always find your favor. We’re always delight to help. Thank you for shopping on golvbag.com.
dvdsoft over 2 years later:

With the right tool, you can easily burn mp4 to dvd and itunes to dvd. Also, you can use drm removal tool to remove drm protection from itunes, zune, amazon legally. wmv to dvd, mov to dvd, convert mp4 to dvd, itunes to dvd
ugg boots over 2 years later:

This article is truly relevant to my study at this moment, and I am really happy I discovered your website.
Criminal Search over 2 years later:

The syntax is reasonably intuitive and it eliminates the need for an explicit subclass. You can pass a single module, or a list or array of them. Because with returns the object, you can also chain with calls.
rolex dealers over 2 years later:

Louis Vuitton wallets, Gucci bags, Hermes bags are available.
rosetta over 2 years later:

We update designer bags timely when the new styles available. Low price, high quality, perfect after-sale service.
qqu888 over 2 years later:

1 Last day ,my friends bought many perfect Cheap LV Bags ,there are many styles fashion Louis Vuitton handbags, they are really amazing . 2. recently , many ladies visit the website to choose Cheap LV Bags , i also love Louis Vuitton very much , so I cannot help seeing beautiful Louis Vuitton handbags, wow !!!…they are perfect !! 3. are you madly infatuated with cheap LV bags ? I am a loyalty fan of the Louis Vuitton Handbags, hope we could become friends.
00 over 2 years later:

Last day ,my friends bought many perfect [url= http://www.cheaplvbags.net]Cheap LV Bags [/url],there are many styles fashion [url= http://www.cheaplvbags.net]Louis Vuitton handbags[/url], they are really amazing
stephan over 2 years later:

Last day ,my friends bought many perfect cheap lv bag, there are many styles fashion Louis Vuitton handbags, they are really amazing
00 over 2 years later:

recently , many ladies visit the website to choosenetCheap LV Bags , i also love Louis Vuitton very much , so I cannot help seeing beautifulnetCheap LV Bags, wow !!!…they are perfect !!
Matteo over 2 years later:

7
mosic over 2 years later:

8
Jones over 2 years later:

9
cable ties over 2 years later:

perfect concept of the topic.
iPad Video Converter for Mac over 2 years later:

thanks for shareing
Designer Sunglasses over 2 years later:

Women Replica Sunglass at cheap discount price Inspired ,MEN designer Sunglasses
Hotel Lisbon over 2 years later:

When planning your trip to Lisbon, you have to choose the best in town.
DRM Removal Software over 2 years later:

Thank all the best guys, and thanks again for a great site!
Yalova Emlak over 2 years later:

Thanks for this article.I like its.As to me it’s good job.I wait ur next articles and I will read ur new articles.I come to this site.Because i like this site.
UGG Boots over 2 years later:

We have introduced a new commenting system called Disqus for our articles. This allows readers the option of signing in using their Facebook, Twitter, Disqus or existing MiamiHerald.com username and password.
Monster t shirts over 2 years later:

But you could be forgiven for thinking this all sounds familiar, as this scheme appears very similar to one launched three years ago by Labour, except that it is, arguably, not as good.
LV Damier Geant Canvas over 2 years later:

This article is truly relevant to my study at this moment, and I am really happy I discovered your website.
dory over 3 years later:

Useful information will I follow your posts. Social Network
Big pony over 3 years later:

Wow, this is too cool. I am very like it, Thank you for sharing, let me so happy! At the same time ,i also love polo ralph lauren outlet very much !
Ipod VideoConverter over 3 years later:

Modern life-style is complete of DVD, movie and audio production. We use them daily and everywhere. so that one could make our connections with it more easily, more comfy we use unique application and hardware.
cheap fashion jewelry over 3 years later:

During the fifties, cheap cocktail rings increasingly gained in popularity and have today made a comeback amongst fashion savvy trendsetters who are into retro fashion. When shopping for your jewelry cocktail rings, it is important to keep certain things in mind so as to ensure that you have a pleasant experience and become satisfied with what you end up with.
okey oyunu oyna over 3 years later:

great code. Thanks

internette görüntülü olarak okey oyunu oyna, gerçek kisilerle tanis, turnuva heyecanini yasa.
tim over 3 years later:

great code. Thanks

During the fifties, cheap Chanel brandbags increasingly gained in popularity and have today made a comeback amongst fashion savvy trendsetters who are into retro fashion. When shopping for your jewelry cocktail rings, it is important to keep certain things in mind so as to ensure that you have a pleasant experience and become satisfied with what you end up with.
handbags for sale over 3 years later:

And I agree, and you do. ;)
coach purses over 3 years later:

Mr Coates coach purses is the longest U.S. market popular with one of the most successful leather brand. Mr Coates coach purses store represents the most admirable American fashion innovative style and traditional skills . Mr Coates coach bags have durable quality and exquisite technology, Conspicuous Coach Heels in the female consumers have good reputation. Welcome to our shop Elegant Coach Purses
<a href="http://www.pellet mill.com">pellet mill</a> over 3 years later:

This article is pure genius! Your blog is the first one i bookmarked in a very long time. It seems we think alike, let me know if you want to talk some more on the subject.http://www.pelletmill.com
.pellet mill over 3 years later:

This article is pure genius! Your blog is the first one i bookmarked in a very long time. It seems we think alike, let me know if you want to talk some more on the subject.http://www.pelletmill.com
Jewellery over 3 years later:

ok ok
beats by dr dre headphones over 3 years later:

I attempted these beats by dr dre studio out in several genres thinking about which i listen to an eclectic mix Beats By Dr Dre. a washing cloth as well as the manual. Do not purchase any beats by dr dre solo purple products inside the internet unless you’re getting from an Authorized internet DealerBeats By Dre Just Solo. We are reliable provide good beats by dr dre pro black by reduced price.
lose thigh over 3 years later:

A great trait example…
cookies gift baskets over 3 years later:

Blog posts about wedding and bridal are always rare to find , at least with great quality,you qualify for a great blog post writer title,kep the great job happening
ho chi minh city hotels over 3 years later:

ho chi minh city is a great place for your vacations, is a wonderful city and there are the amazing hotels where you can enjoy to take a brake of your routine.
You can enjoy more your family time with a fire pit in your patio, enjoy your cold nights, too. over 3 years later:

You can enjoy more your family time with a fire pit in your patio, enjoy your cold nights, too.
mobile live cams over 3 years later:

I think this is a great post.. Sometimes when I write, I just let the flow of the words and information come out so much that I loose the purpose.
James Thomas over 3 years later:

I enjoy reading your posts and thank you for all the great articles. I have bookmarked your blog to come back to it and read

it more often. James Thomas Healthcare Products Wholesale
beats by dre store over 3 years later:

reading your posts and thank you for all the great articles. I have bookmarked your blog to come back to it and readhigh quality headphones new design headphones
Walt Disney Movies DVDs over 3 years later:

Disney DVDs actually might see it again in 3D as it was stunning! Also One of Disney’s best villains in their opinion. The psychological aspect of Mother Gothel is deep.Tangled DVD is an amazing Disney movie DVD! The Fox and the Hound marked the last collaboration between Disney’s older artists, including three of the "Nine Old Men", http://www.dvd-disney.com/ and the young animators who would make the record-breaking films of the ‘90s. Disney DVDS Collection Based on a book by Daniel P. Mannix, the film tells the story of a bloodhound puppy and a fox kit who begin as friends but are forced to become enemies. Disney Classic DVDs Tod and Copper barely establish their friendship before Copper begins his training as hunting dog.
Uniformes De Fútbol over 3 years later:

I really like your article. Please keep on writing excellent posts. To find out more please go to http://baratasfutbolcamiseta.es/ http://baratasfutbolcamiseta.es/category.php?id=9 http://baratasfutbolcamiseta.es/goods.php?id=76 http://www.camisetas-de-futbol.es/ http://www.camisetas-de-futbol.es/category-66-b0-FIFA+del+Copa+del+Mundo.html http://www.camisetas-de-futbol.es/goods-4080-10+11+Holland+Tercel+Blanco+camiseta+del+futbol.html http://www.camisetasfutbolchina.es/ http://www.camisetasfutbolchina.es/category-122-b0-Real+Madrid.html http://www.camisetasfutbolchina.es/goods-4605-11+12+England+Titular+Blando+camiseta+del+futbol.html
kathy over 3 years later:

The excitement surrounding Louis Vuitton Bags Santa Monica Place mall was palpable Thursday night as a gaggle of glamorous guests filed into the newly opened Cheap Louis Vuitton Bags boutique to Cheap Louis Vuitton Handbags celebrate the brand’s LV Bags first Westside location. Cheap LV Bags Many people Lv Handbags showed their love for the brand by wearing some of Louis Vuitton’s most statement-making pieces.Louis Vuitton Bags Cameron Silver arrived in a marigold blazer Cheap Louis Vuitton Bags and matching shorts, Cheap Louis Vuitton Handbags a yellow- and gray-striped scarf,LV Bags two-tone sneakers and Cheap LV Bags gold sunglasses all by Lv Handbags. And one woman accessorized her black cocktail dress with sequin Louis Vuitton pumps from the winter 2010 collection, a couple layers of fleur and crown pendants, while toting a purple sequin Rococo pouch from the evening bag line.

It was a true Louis Vuitton Bags celebration of the house and the highly anticipated Cheap Louis Vuitton Bags 3,200-square-foot beachside location Cheap Louis Vuitton Handbags which carries men’s and women’s bags, shoes and accessories. Cheap LV Bags “We’ve been looking forward to opening a store on LV Bags the Westside, but just needed the right environment,” Lv Handbags said Charles Delapalme, Louis Vuitton Bags senior vice president of Louis Vuitton’s Cheap Louis Vuitton Bags western region stores. Cheap Louis Vuitton Handbags And though it’s just been open two weeks, LV Bags he says that customers have been gravitating Cheap LV Bags toward the store’s beach-friendly items such as sunglasses and the light gray- and ivory-checked Damier Lv Handbags Azure collection that women can carry from the beach to dinner.

The beach theme carried right Louis Vuitton Bags on through to the after-party,Cheap Louis Vuitton Bags which was held at the Annenberg Cheap Louis Vuitton Handbags beach house right off PCH. Stylish celebrities LV Bags such as Kristen Bell, Serena Cheap LV Bags Williams, Dita von Teese, Lv HandbagsGabrielle Reese, Rachel Zoe and Eva Amurri (the latter three ladies acted as hosts for the event, which benefited Heal the Bay), mingled around a decadent table of lobster tails and oysters as well as on the house’s back deck that overlooked the ocean. A percussion band dressed in beachy whites jammed outside, illuminated by Louis Vuitton logos projected on the wall behind them.

It was truly a “Vuitton goes to the beach” affair, lavish, upbeat but relaxed California-style and full of the brands’s top fans.

—Melissa Magsaysay
kathy over 3 years later:

Cufflinks originated in Europe and http://www.cufflinks999.com/ become widely popular http://www.cufflinks999.com/ during 14-20 century. Over time, http://www.cufflinks999.com/ the cuff link developed and became a http://www.cufflinks999.com/ more sophisticated part of a man’s wardrobe. But until now, there is http://www.cufflinks999.com/ no cufflinks of any Chinese elements. In order to http://www.cufflinks999.com/ fill up the blank of this field, out http://www.cufflinks999.com/ company has design and launch a series of “Beijing opera mask cufflinks” which represent the http://www.cufflinks999.com/ Chinese characteristics. As the http://www.cufflinks999.com/ Quintessence of Chinese culture, we believe they will be welcomed by everyone http://www.cufflinks999.com/. Cufflinks originated in Europe and http://www.cufflinks777.com/ become widely popular http://www.cufflinks777.com/ during 14-20 century. Over time, http://www.cufflinks777.com/ the cuff link developed and became a http://www.cufflinks777.com/ more sophisticated part of a man’s wardrobe. But until now, there is http://www.cufflinks777.com/ no cufflinks of any Chinese elements. In order to http://www.cufflinks777.com/ fill up the blank of this field, out http://www.cufflinks777.com/ company has design and launch a series of “Beijing opera mask cufflinks” which represent the http://www.cufflinks777.com/ Chinese characteristics. As the http://www.cufflinks777.com/ Quintessence of Chinese culture, we believe they will be welcomed by everyone http://www.cufflinks777.com/. Cufflinks originated in Europe and http://www.cufflinksdiscountshop.com/ become widely popular http://www.cufflinksdiscountshop.com/ during 14-20 century. Over time, http://www.cufflinksdiscountshop.com/ the cuff link developed and became a http://www.cufflinksdiscountshop.com/ more sophisticated part of a man’s wardrobe. But until now, there is http://www.cufflinksdiscountshop.com/ no cufflinks of any Chinese elements. In order to http://www.cufflinksdiscountshop.com/ fill up the blank of this field, out http://www.cufflinksdiscountshop.com/ company has design and launch a series of “Beijing opera mask cufflinks” which represent the http://www.cufflinksdiscountshop.com/ Chinese characteristics. As the http://www.cufflinksdiscountshop.com/ Quintessence of Chinese culture, we believe they will be welcomed by everyone http://www.cufflinksdiscountshop.com/.
>
Puma espera shoes over 3 years later:

since 1993, restructure global business and focus on improving the financial status; From 1997, increase the fall of marketing and product design strength, r&d investment from 2% of the business turnover increased to 4%, and marketing expenses increased from 10% to 15%.From the beginning of 2002, strengthen the company long-term development strategy, keep business healthy development and obtain profit. From the beginning of 2006, further advance the company management system, enhances the enterprise management efficiency. But the world is uncertain. In July 2007, the puma was hold by global famous luxury group PPR. After the public acquisition of stock, PPR hold puma 62.1% of the shares. So it is feared what is puma fate after the merger.For example, will give up the original development strategy, then turn to go high-end fashion line
canada goose coat over 3 years later:

When it comes to feather dress, what appears in your mind? Which kind brand of down jacket do you like prefer? Though there are many down jackets for you to choose from, on the word, which one you really enjoy? I want to say that canada goose coats is really your best choice. I believe you can’t agree with me any more. When you take the quality into consideration, you will find that it is superior to any other kind of coat. Besides, discount canada goose jackets is a world well-known brand, which has gained high reputation in the world, which has accepted by our customers and some organization. Because of its high quality, some of our loyal customers have promoted it to the people around them. In their opinion, it is good to informing others to know it. Recently, Canada Goose Trillium Parka is on hot sale. What I have to inform you is that all the products there are made by hand, so they are elaborative and elegant enough. It is really beautiful once you dress in. So, if you are a lovely girl or woman, go to the store to buy one for you. You will appreciate it that you have such a coat.In addition, they also have any other products like canada goose Gloves and canada goose jacket supplier.Hope your will like its!
Ashley Bowling over 3 years later:

“Mare’s tails and mackerel scales make tall ships take in their sails.”
Sacoche Louis Vuitton over 3 years later:

Abercrombie and Fitch est une marque de luxe avec une sensibilité particulière, une fortereconnaissance internationale et valeurs de la marque de différenciation qui résonnent à traversun public multi-générationnel et double mixte.
Sacs Louis Vuitton sont vérifiés par des professionnels afin de vérifier le parfait état du cuir et du tissu et à seulement 100 sacs à main en cuir de qualité% sont expédiés!
Doudoune Moncler Pas Cher vestes ne sont pas juste une autre couche, ils ne sont pas juste un autre morceau de vêtements pour vous garder de guerre à travers les hivers froids, ils sont une déclaration, une déclaration de la personne que vous soyez, un relevé de vos sensibilités de la mode.
Sacoche Louis Vuitton est tout concepteur de sacs Chanel. Il ya des centaines de travailleurs formés et une équipe de gestion efficace ici pour vous garantir la qualité et l’expéditionponctuelle pour vos commandes.
Sac Louis Vuitton est très intelligent, doux et exquis, qui peut apporter une amélioration en vouspleine de la reine parti, qui portent une marque distincte individualiste.
cheap gucci over 3 years later:

is a jordan release dates 2011 man you can rely on

talking about two people met, blushing air jordan 2011 just jordan 3 plain dull jordan 6 air jordan 5 Wang sai…
tv show over 3 years later:

thansk for the great post. lovley!
backup iphone sms over 3 years later:

Take effect to save the file and you can retrieve them when necessary.
http://www.nowbyb.com over 3 years later:

The excitement surrounding Louis Vuitton Bags Santa Monica Place mall was palpable Thursday night as a gaggle of glamorous guests filed into the newly opened Cheap Louis Vuitton Bags boutique to Cheap Louis Vuitton Handbags celebrate the brand’s LV Bags first Westside location. Cheap LV Bags Many people Lv Handbags showed their love for the brand by wearing some of Louis Vuitton’s most statement-making pieces.Louis Vuitton Bags Cameron Silver arrived in a marigold blazer Cheap Louis Vuitton Bags and matching shorts, Cheap Louis Vuitton Handbags a yellow- and gray-striped scarf,LV Bags two-tone sneakers and Cheap LV Bags gold sunglasses all by Lv Handbags. And one woman accessorized her black cocktail dress with sequin Louis Vuitton pumps from the winter 2010 collection, a couple layers of fleur and crown pendants, while toting a purple sequin Rococo pouch from the evening bag line.
Finance Dissertation over 3 years later:

Thank you for sharing this information. The information was very helpful and saved a lot of my time. Finance Dissertation tosics
mbtshoe over 3 years later:

Australia Beats By Dre Studio dr dre beats headphones beats studio beats pro beats solo hd pro headphones music Official store Monster Beats By Dre Pro
youngbrown over 3 years later:

Thanks for the information, I’ll visit the site again to get update information online shopping
louboutin sales over 4 years later:

A Scala-style “with” Construct for Ruby 103 hoo,good article!!I like the post!89
dissertations help over 4 years later:

Dissertation writing is a tough task and we are confused on how to start a dissertation. Dissertations are really hard because we have to search a lot on several topics when we are starting a dissertation. Information is not that easy to filter out when we are starting a dissertation. People like you will help us in this regard. Thanks a lot for sharing this piece of information because dissertations are considered as an important aspect in an academic career of a student. dissertation help UK
tanrosely over 4 years later:

ion. Information is not that easy to filter out when we are starting a dissertation. People like you will help us in this regard. Thanks a lot for sharing this piece of information because dissertations are considered as an important aspect i
Louis vuitton pas cher over 4 years later:

Les Indispensables de l’Hiver Collection 2012, Expédition en 24h! louis vuitton pas cher sac louis uitton homme.
NBA Jerseys Store over 4 years later:

and infrastructure should be taken to the franchise but will part of the investment space for private enterprises. Relevant government departments in the issuance of trade licenses so that it can prepared in advance Oakley Eyeglasses 7. Zhiluanjianfu and urged relevant departments to earnestly fulfill their respective responsibilities Oakley Polarized law-abiding operators. Strengthen the credit constraint of operators a lack of communication between businesses and government departments Oakley Radar high costs Oakley UK and enhance the overall competitive advantage.Accounted for 21.64% of the total number of the Bohai Sea area of industrial enterprises above designated size of 1999; industrial output value and industrial added value accounted for 24.19% and 23.58% Oakley For Men a decrease of 2.96 percentage points; 1996 to 1999 increased by 22.04% to 23.69% scientific and technological activities funds accounted for The proportion of sales revenue. Oakley Gascan First such as steel Carrera Sunglasses improving the international competitiveness of the Bohai Industry to promote regional economic development the Bohai Sea region will play an exemplary role in promoting. The Bohai Sea is a large area Carrera Champion Tianjin Carrera Safari cinnamon
orange hermes birkin bag over 4 years later:

Are you looking for an ultra-unique purse, handbag? Are you getting tired with your handbag?Do you need a bag which is different from everyone and stylish as well? If yes then vintage bags may be a choice for you?
Mold Making over 4 years later:

With more than 20 years of experience, Intertech provides an extensive integrated operational ability from design to production of molds 100% made in Taiwan. Additional to our own mold making factory, we also cooperate with our team vendors to form a very strong working force in Taiwan.

For the overseas market, we work very closely with local representatives in order to take care of the technical communication and after-sales service to our customers. We also participate in the EUROMOLD & FAKUMA exhibitions and meet our customers every year in Europe. By concentrating on mold “niche markets”, we play a very useful mold maker role from the Far East whenever customers want to develop their new projects. We provide services from A to Z to our customers on a very economic cost and effect basis.
cosplay shops over 4 years later:

http://www.outfitscosplay.com/cosplay-catalog/tegami-bachi-cosplay Deluxe Tegami Bachi Cosplay Costumes for Sale.Find your favorite characters and cosplay outfits from all the popular anime and games.

Mentor	twitter id
Uncle Bob	unclebobmartin
Brett Schuchert	schuchert
Michael Feathers	mfeathers
Bob Koss	bob_koss

A Scala-style "with" Construct for Ruby 111

Comments

Blog Search

Follow us on twitter

Categories

Blogroll

Syndicate